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The SQL CREATE command is a type of DDL command that is primarily used for creating databases and tables. To create databases or tables with the desired structure, the CREATE command has a specific syntax that must be followed.Before we can perform any other functions, we must first create a database, which is the first […]
March 12, 2023 | DBMS | No comments
A programming language called SQL (Structured Query Language) was created specifically for managing and modifying relational databases. It offers a common syntax for entering queries and making changes to data in databases. SQL was the first commercial language introduced for E.F Codd’s Relational model of a database. Note: The programming language SQL was created specifically for managing […]
March 12, 2023 | DBMS | No comments
What is 4NF? A level of database normalisation known as the fourth normal form (4NF) is one in which a candidate key is the only non-trivial multivalued dependency. It advances the Boyce-Codd Normal Form and the first three normal forms (1NF, 2NF, and 3NF) (BCNF). It specifies that a database shall not have more than […]
March 3, 2023 | DBMS | No comments
What is BCNF? The Boyce-Codd Normal Form also referred to as the 3.5 Normal Form, is an extension of the third normal form. In relational database design, the Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) is a stricter normal form than the third normal form (3NF). Rules for BCNF: Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) rules are as follows: Every […]
March 1, 2023 | DBMS | No comments
What is Third Normal Form? The third step in Normalization is 3NF. For a table to be in third normal form, it needs to satisfy the following conditions: For every non-trivial function dependency X → Y. X is a super key. Y is a prime attribute, i.e., each element of Y is part of some […]
February 28, 2023 | DBMS | No comments
What is 2NF? The second step in Normalization is 2NF. A table must meet two requirements to be in the second normal form: The relation must be in the 1NF. In the second normal form, all non-key attributes are entirely functionally dependent on the primary key Let’s see, what we mean by dependency. What are […]
February 28, 2023 | DBMS | No comments
The ER (Entity-Relationship) model is a graphical representation used to design databases. On the other hand, the relational model is a mathematical representation that outlines the connections between database tables. After creating the system’s ER diagram, we must translate it into relational models, which can be instantly implemented by any RDBMS, such as Oracle, MySQL, […]
February 23, 2023 | DBMS | No comments
After conducting extensive research on the Relational Model of database systems, Dr. Edgar F. Codd developed twelve rules that, in his opinion, a database must adhere to in order to be considered a true relational database.(Codd proposed 13 rules popularly known as Codd’s 12 rules to test DBMS’s concept against his relational model. ) Any database management system […]
February 18, 2023 | DBMS | No comments
What are Data Models in DBMS? In database management systems (DBMS), a data model is a conceptual representation of data structures, relationships, constraints, and rules used to organize, manipulate and store data. A data model provides a way to describe the structure of a database and how data is stored, retrieved, and updated. There are […]
February 15, 2023 | DBMS | No comments
A database management system (DBMS) is a software system designed to manage the storage, retrieval, and manipulation of data in a database. The following are the components of a DBMS: Hardware Software Data Procedures Database Access Language 1. Hardware: The hardware components of a DBMS play a crucial role in storing, retrieving, and processing data. […]
February 11, 2023 | DBMS, Uncategorized | No comments